Foreword
In 1972, Congress employed the power of its purse strings to attempt to prevent discrimination against women in educational institutions that receive public funding. Since then, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 has been used to enforce equality in school admissions, hiring, and pay, and to force colleges to upgrade women’s athletic programs and facilities.The scope of Title IX was challenged in the 1984 case Grove City College v. Bell, in which the Supreme Court held that only educational programs directly receiving Federal funds were bound by Title IX’s antidiscrimination strictures. Four years later, Congress responded to the…
