Congressional Digest

International Debates Archives September 2011 No. 6 Vol. 9
Syria Crackdown

Syria Crackdown

The Pro-Democracy Movement and the Regime of Bashar al-Assad

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Excerpt

The ancient country of Syria ― strategically located along the edge of the Mediterranean Sea with Lebanon to the west, Israel and Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north ― has seen centuries of conflict driven by the competing interests of varied religious and ethnic factions. Today, these include a large Sunni Muslim majority and significant minorities of Christians and Alawites, a branch of Shia Islam.

The modern state of Syria gained its independence in 1946, after being ruled since World War I by the French, who had taken over control of the country from the Ottoman Turks. A deca…

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